20.1 Introduction

The Gravity unit supplied with FLASH4 computes gravitational source terms for the code. These source terms can take the form of the gravitational potential $ \phi({\bf
x})$ or the gravitational acceleration $ {\bf g}({\bf x})$,

$\displaystyle {\bf g}({\bf x}) = -\nabla \phi({\bf x}) .$ (20.1)

The gravitational field can be externally imposed or self-consistently computed from the gas density via the Poisson equation,

$\displaystyle \nabla^2\phi({\bf x}) = 4\pi G \rho({\bf x}) ,$ (20.2)

where $ G$ is Newton's gravitational constant. In the latter case, either periodic or isolated boundary conditions can be applied.